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    <title>如何使用Python对文件夹内的所有视频进行智能变速处理 | 个人学习记录</title>
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<meta property="og:description" content="这段Python代码是一个用于批量处理视频文件的脚本，主要功能是对指定文件夹内的视频进行变速处理，使得每个视频的总时长不超过设定的最大时长（max-duration），同时支持使用CPU或GPU进行处理。此工具非常适合需要批量调整大量视频文件时长的场景，它不仅提高了处理效率，还保证了输出质量，特别是当配合GPU加速使用时，更能显著减少处理时间。">
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                            <li><i class="fa fa-clock-o fa-fw"></i>2025-03-26T10:18:38</li>
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                        <strong>如何使用Python对文件夹内的所有视频进行智能变速处理</strong>
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                                <textarea id="$t" style="display:none">
使用Python对文件夹内的所有视频进行智能变速处理,将某个文件夹内的视频批量变速后输出到./out文件夹。主要使用FFmpeg Python。

对文件夹内的视频批量处理，进行批量视频变速操作，包含视频画面和音频2者的变速。需要变速到使得总时长在max-duration以内，
比如原始是一个时长6分钟的视频，那么将这个视频变速*2，即得到一个3分钟的视频。
比如原始是一个时长270秒的视频，那么将这个视频变速*1.5，即得到一个3分钟的视频。

对文件夹内的所有视频中时长超过max-duration秒的都进行这样的操作，如果时长小于max-duration秒则跳过无需操作。

考虑使用CPU和GPU，默认是CPU处理，若传入GPU相关参数，则用GPU 加速视频处理。有个进度条显示出单个视频的处理进度。

## 参数说明：

必需参数：input_dir（输入文件夹路径）

--output-dir：输出文件夹（默认./out）

--max-duration：目标最大时长（秒，默认180）

--device：处理设备类型（cpu/gpu，默认cpu）

## 功能特点：

自动跳过时长不足的视频

支持GPU加速编码（需要NVIDIA显卡和驱动支持）

实时进度条显示处理进度

智能音频变速处理（自动处理超过2倍的变速）

自动创建输出目录

处理完成后显示详细耗时和时长变化

## 注意事项：

GPU加速需要正确安装NVIDIA驱动和CUDA工具包

实际处理时间受硬件性能和视频尺寸影响

请确保输出目录有足够的存储空间

支持的视频格式取决于本地安装的FFmpeg版本
[github仓库地址](https://github.com/liulei2020/BatchVideoAcceleration)

## 源代码
```python
import argparse
import os
import subprocess
import re
import time
from tqdm import tqdm


def get_video_duration(input_path):
    """使用ffprobe获取视频时长（秒）"""
    cmd = [
        'ffprobe',
        '-v', 'error',
        '-show_entries', 'format=duration',
        '-of', 'default=noprint_wrappers=1:nokey=1',
        input_path
    ]
    try:
        output = subprocess.check_output(cmd, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT).decode().strip()
        return float(output)
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        raise RuntimeError(f"无法获取视频时长: {input_path}") from e


def build_atempo_filter(speed_factor):
    """构建音频变速滤镜链"""
    factors = []
    remaining = speed_factor
    while remaining > 2.0:
        factors.append(2.0)
        remaining /= 2.0
    if remaining != 1.0:
        factors.append(round(remaining, 2))
    return ','.join([f'atempo={f}' for f in factors]) if factors else 'anull'


def build_ffmpeg_command(input_path, output_path, speed_factor, device):
    """构建FFmpeg命令"""
    video_filter = f"setpts={1 / speed_factor:.10f}*PTS"
    audio_filter = build_atempo_filter(speed_factor)

    cmd = [
        'ffmpeg',
        '-y',
        '-i', input_path,
        '-filter_complex', f'[0:v]{video_filter}[v];[0:a]{audio_filter}[a]',
        '-map', '[v]',
        '-map', '[a]',
    ]

    if device == 'gpu':
        cmd += ['-c:v', 'h264_nvenc', '-preset', 'fast']
    else:
        cmd += ['-c:v', 'libx264', '-preset', 'medium']

    cmd += ['-c:a', 'aac', output_path]
    return cmd


def process_video(cmd, max_duration, filename, device_type, output_path):
    """执行视频处理并显示进度"""
    start_time = time.time()
    progress_bar = tqdm(
        total=100,
        desc=f"{device_type.upper()}处理中：{filename}",
        bar_format="{l_bar}{bar}| {percentage:.1f}%",
        leave=False
    )

    process = subprocess.Popen(
        cmd,
        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
        universal_newlines=True,
        encoding='utf-8',
        errors='replace'
    )

    time_pattern = re.compile(r'time=(\d+):(\d+):(\d+\.\d+)')
    last_progress = 0

    while True:
        line = process.stderr.readline()
        if not line:
            if process.poll() is not None:
                break
            continue

        match = time_pattern.search(line)
        if match:
            hours, minutes, seconds = map(float, match.groups())
            current_time = hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds
            progress = min((current_time / max_duration) * 100, 100)
            progress_bar.update(progress - last_progress)
            last_progress = progress

    process.wait()
    progress_bar.close()

    if process.returncode != 0:
        return False, 0

    return True, time.time() - start_time


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="视频批量变速处理器")
    parser.add_argument("input_dir", help="输入文件夹路径")
    parser.add_argument("--output-dir", default="./out", help="输出文件夹路径（默认：./out）")
    parser.add_argument("--max-duration", type=float, default=180.0,
                        help="目标最大时长（秒）（默认：180）")
    parser.add_argument("--device", choices=['cpu', 'gpu'], default='cpu',
                        help="处理设备类型（默认：cpu）")

    args = parser.parse_args()

    if not os.path.exists(args.input_dir):
        print(f"输入文件夹不存在：{args.input_dir}")
        return

    os.makedirs(args.output_dir, exist_ok=True)

    video_exts = ('.mp4', '.avi', '.mov', '.mkv', '.flv', '.wmv')
    video_files = [f for f in os.listdir(args.input_dir)
                   if f.lower().endswith(video_exts)]

    for filename in video_files:
        input_path = os.path.join(args.input_dir, filename)
        output_path = os.path.join(args.output_dir, filename)

        try:
            duration = get_video_duration(input_path)
        except RuntimeError as e:
            print(f"错误：{str(e)}")
            continue

        if duration <= args.max_duration:
            print(f"跳过（时长不足）：{filename} ({duration:.1f}s)")
            continue

        speed_factor = duration / args.max_duration
        cmd = build_ffmpeg_command(input_path, output_path, speed_factor, args.device)

        print(f"\n处理中：{filename} ({duration:.1f}s → {args.max_duration:.1f}s)")
        success, elapsed = process_video(cmd, args.max_duration, filename, args.device, output_path)

        if success:
            try:
                new_duration = get_video_duration(output_path)
            except RuntimeError:
                new_duration = args.max_duration

            print(f"{args.device.upper()}处理成功，耗时{elapsed:.1f}秒: {filename} -> "
                  f"时长: {duration:.1f}s → {new_duration:.1f}s")
        else:
            print(f"处理失败：{filename}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
```
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